Studying the Closure principle in minimal style posters of Shigeo Fukuda

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Master's Degree Student, Visual Communication Department, Pars Institute of Higher Education in Architecture and Art, Tehran, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of visual communication Faculty of Art and Architecture Tarbiat-e-Modares University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Posters are among the media used for communicating information, which have been around for a long time to raise the awareness of the audience. Designers have always attempted to attract the attention of their spectators as quickly as possible by adopting various methods. Effective posters can be created to convey messages through minimalism and the Gestalt theory. "Less is more" is the motto that defines minimalism; that means, minimalist artists utilize minimal elements and colors in their designs. Using the Gestalt theory, which states that the human brain tends to function holistically, designers can guide their audience's thoughts toward what they tend to. One of the twelve principles of the Gestalt school is the Principle of Closure (i.e., filling in empty spaces in an apparently incomplete image), which takes into account the inclination of the audience's mind to complete incomplete subjects.
This study examines the principle of closure in minimalist poster design. Employing a descriptive-analytical method and documentary research, it focuses on the works of Shigeo Fukuda, a minimalist artist purposefully selected for his extensive use of Gestalt principles particularly closure through associative processes to enhance audience engagement.The central research question is: How can the principle of closure in Gestalt theory contribute to strengthening the durability and effectiveness of messages in minimalist posters? Findings suggest that closure stimulates the viewer’s mind to complete incomplete images, enabling meaningful recognition and retention. The excitement it evokes ensures that the poster’s message remains memorable and can be recalled even years later, thereby extending the poster’s lifespan and reinforcing the permanence of the artist’s message.

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History

  • Receive Date: 23 June 2024
  • Revise Date: 29 September 2024
  • Accept Date: 13 October 2024

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