The effectiveness of the Art Nouveau Movement in the design of the first banknotes printed in Iran

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Instructor, Al-Zahra Technical and Vocational College, Neyshabor Art College, Neyshabor, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Art Research Department, Neyshabor Faculty of Arts, Neyshabor, Iran.

10.22075/aaj.2024.33712.1228

Abstract

Art and CraftsMovement" and its subsequent "Art Nouveau" were among the events that took place in the west at the end of the Qajar era and soon brought about changes in the applied arts of Iran, including design and printing. The first banknotes printed in Iran, in addition to expressing formal and technical features, display excellent capabilities in reading the quality of the developments of the Art and Craft Movement and Art Nouveau.
Since the printing stereotypes of these banknotes were the result of Western culture and art and they were directly used in the printing of the first Iranian banknotes, it is possible to identify part of the result of the Art Nouveau movement in Iran and the design principles of the first banknotes from the beginning of their publication in the Qajar era.
In addition to introducing the first banknotes published in Iran, this research aims to review the design method and principles of illustration used in these works, taking into account the principles of "Art and Crafts Movement" and "Art Nouveau".
The question is: What effects did the Art Nouveau movement have on the design of the first banknotes printed in Iran? This research is based on qualitative studies and is descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The method of collecting information is mainly library-electronic and in some cases field. The review community of this research is the oldest archived and registered banknotes of Iran in the late 19th and early 20th centuries (contemporary during the reign of Naser al-Din Shah Qajar and Reza Shah Pahlavi) which were designed and published at the same time as the Art Nouveau and Art Nouveau movements. These images were prepared and photographed from the Central Bank of Iran museum archive according to field research.

The results of the research show that the design of the first Iranian banknotes can be separated into three time groups from the end of the Qajar period to the beginning of the first Pahlavi era that the influence of Art Nouveau occurred most of all in the third group. In this period, under the influence of the art nouveau movement and using the printed clichés imported from the west, a kind of fusion between the artistic achievements of the west and Islamic-Iranian art has been formed.

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History

  • Receive Date: 06 April 2024
  • Revise Date: 16 September 2024
  • Accept Date: 13 October 2024

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