An Analysis of Technical and Aesthetic Structures of Arak Rugs with Zir Khaki Design

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Associate Professor of Carpet Educational Department, Faculty of Art, Arak University, Arak, Iran.

2 Assistans Professor of Grafic Educational Department, Faculty of Art, Arak University, Arak, Iran.

Abstract

This study presents field-based research with limited theoretical foundations, primarily due to the novelty of the subject and scarcity of available references. The Zirkhaki pattern represents one of the prevalent designs in Arak carpets, though its precise origins remain ambiguous. While some scholars attribute its genesis to Tabriz or Kashmar, historical evidence indicates its production in Bijar, Qom, Isfahan, and even Herke, Turkey. This paper systematically explores, documents, and analyzes the Zirkhaki pattern in Arak carpets through a carefully chosen selection of fourteen distinct specimens, each exhibiting unique compositional structures, motifs, and color schemes to provide a comprehensive representation. The central research question investigates the technical and aesthetic dimensions—including structural composition, motif arrangement, and color harmony—of Zirkhaki-patterned carpets. Employing a qualitative, developmental approach with descriptive-analytical methodology, data were gathered through both archival research and field surveys conducted in Arak’s carpet markets and online trading platforms. Research Findings: The primary motifs of the antique carpets, in addition to the small fabric sizes, include various animal designs such as deer, rabbits, goats, roosters, and mythical and hybrid creatures like griffins and dog-eagles. They also feature rhytons in the form of winged lions, Simorghs, dragons, and statues with human heads and wings designed as winged lions. Other items depicted include swords and shields, rhytons, pitchers, bowls, goblets, teapots, ewers, vases (symbolizing the tree of life), medallions (depictions of humans within circular frames), and lanterns. Although the motifs and designs found in Tabriz and Kashmar are significantly more diverse and creative, the colors used in these examples include red, white, onion skin (honey-colored), jade green, pistachio, senjed (jujube), mashy, golden yellow, mustard, azure blue, turquoise, navy, pink, brown, elephant gray, earthy tones, cream, and black.

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References

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URL2:www.farmandgallery.com/product/carpets/persian/large-persian/tabriz-zire-khaki-Accessed at 09-10-2021
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URL5:www.media.dicarpet.com/media/catalog/product     Accessed at 22-06-2020
URL6:www.essiecarpets.com/Fproduct/Fhereke       Accessed at 19-09-2021
URL7:https://www.farmandgallery.com/product/carpets/tribal-pieces/tabriz-zir-khaki     Accessed at 25-11-2023
URL8:https://borento.de/Perserteppich-Kashmar-372-x-295-cm-Teppich-Handegeknuepft-Blau-Orientteppich       Accessed at 14-07-2021

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History

  • Receive Date: 12 April 2024
  • Revise Date: 08 December 2024
  • Accept Date: 08 December 2024

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