Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
Instructor, Carpet Group, Birjand University, Birjand, Iran.
2
Associate Professor,, Painting Department, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
3
Associate Professor, Art Research Department, Shahid University, Tehran, Iran.
4
Assistant Professor, Art Research Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
5
Associate Professor, Handicrafts Department, Isfahan Art University, Isfahan, Iran.
Abstract
Carpet arrays include a diverse collection of plants, animals, humans and abstract motifs. The breadth of plant motifs is greater than other types because its variety is as wide as the plant motifs found in nature, incorporating abstract plant motifs and in rotating and broken formats. The types of plant arrays generally include Islamic species, Khatai, flowers and bushes, trees and flowers. The study aim is to examine and identify the types of plant motifs in Safavid and Qajar carpets, as well as the trends and how they evolved from the Safavid to Qajar periods, also the entry of new plant species into Qajar period carpets. Based on this, the main questions in this study are: 1-What are the characteristics of the plant arrays engraved in Safavid and Qajar carpets? 2-What changes have emerged in the plant motifs of carpets from the Safavid period to the Qajar period? This research method is descriptive and comparative in terms of type. The method of data collection is library methods. The results show that the plant motifs used in the Safavid period carpets consist of several species and gradually added to its richness, and were repeated in the carpets of the later centuries and the Qajar period, with changes in shape, size, color and structure. These developments over the period have been most affected by the common social and cultural conditions. In the Safavid period, most of all, the royal will, Foreign Relations and the role of religion in the formation of design structures and role-making were effective, and in the Qajar period, with the influence of cultural conditions, developments were made under the effects of humanism, naturalism and the new manifestations of civilization and blue frangim. These developments led to the emergence of new elements and the enrichment of the treasure of carpet motifs.
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