Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
Associate Professor, Department of Art, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Art, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
3
Master's Degree Graduate, Art Research Department, Eram Shiraz Institute of Higher Education, Shiraz, Iran.
Abstract
Inscription is abundantly observed in the Grand Mosque, belonging to the Seljuk period, and the Sangi Mosque, which is likely attributed to the Atabeg period, in the city of Darab. Generally, Quranic verses and titles adorn the doors and walls of these two historical mosques in the city. The purpose of this research is to investigate and compare the decorative (scripts type, motifs, color, design composition) and technical (materials, work techniques, execution methods, tools) features of the inscriptions of the Sangi Mosque and the Grand Mosque of Darab. This study helps to identify the characteristics of each of these inscriptions and seeks to answer the question of what similarities and differences exist in the decorative and technical characteristics of the inscriptions of these mosques. The research methodology is descriptive-analytical, with a comparative approach, and data collection is based on library studies and field observations. The necessity of this research lies in a more detailed and deeper understanding of the cultural and artistic heritage of Darab. Considering the importance of inscriptions in historiography and architectural decorations, the analysis of these works can help to protect and preserve them as well as increase public awareness of the cultural values of this region. This project uses the theoretical foundations of Islamic art, art history, as well as decorative and technical studies in Islamic architecture. In addition, historical analyzes in the field of cultural and local influences on art are also considered. The findings of the research indicate that the decorations in these two historical mosques of Darab are most prominent in the mihrabs and minarets, their similarity is in the decorations that include scripts. The differences in the inscriptions of the two Sangi mosques and the Grand Mosque can be seen mostly in the type of scripts and materials used. Based on the examination of the inscriptions of the Sangi Mosque and the Grand Mosque of Darab, it appears that the design and execution of the decorations in the inscriptions of the Grand Mosque are slightly more refined compared to those of the Sangi Mosque. Overall, the themes of the inscriptions in the Sangi Mosque are purely historical, mainly including the date of the mosque's construction and the name of its founder, written in Thuluth script. In contrast, the minarets of the Grand Mosque of Darab feature inscriptions with Quranic verses and blessed names, decorated with Kufic Banna'i script. These inscriptions are the most distinctive and numerous in the mosques of Darab, executed in the form of raised and geometric writing.
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