سفالگری نیمه دوم قرن 13 ه.ق در تهران بررسی، معرفی و طبقه‌بندی سفال‌های به‌دست‌آمده از عملیات مرمت و نوسازی مجموعه تاریخی اتحادیه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته دکترا، گروه باستان شناسی،دانشکده ابیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی‌ارشد،گروه مرمت ابنیه و بافت های تاریخی، دانشکده هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

سفالگری عصر قاجار برخلاف معماری و کاشی‌کاری این عصر، کمتر موردمطالعۀ پژوهشگران و محققان باستان‌شناسی و تاریخ هنر عصر قاجار قرار گرفته و اطلاعات ما از سفالگری عصر قاجار در مقایسه با سایر دوره‌های تاریخ هنر اسلامی، بسیار اندک است. اگرچه در برخی از سفرنامه‌های این عصر، به برخی از مراکز تولید سفال در ایران اشاره ‌شده است، هنوز اطلاعات جامعی از تکنیک‌ها و ابداعات سفالگری در این دوره و همچنین مراکز اصلی تولید و توزیع سفال در ایران عصر قاجار در دست نیست. در عملیات نوسازی و مرمت مجموعۀ تاریخی اتحادیه در محلۀ لاله‌زار تهران که در سال‌های 1394 و 1395 انجام شد، حجم زیادی از سفال‌های مربوط به اواسط عصر قاجار، به‌ویژه عصر ناصری (1264-1313ق) به دست آمد که در پژوهش حاضر، موردبررسی و طبقه‌بندی قرار گرفته‌اند. با‌توجه‌به داده‌های به‌دست‌آمده، پژوهش حاضر در پی پاسخ به این سؤال است که سفال‌های تولیدشده در نیمۀ دوم عصر قاجار در تهران، از نظر ویژگی‌های تزیینی و فرم‌های سفالی، دارای چه خصوصیاتی بوده و کدام دسته از گونه‌های سفالی و الگوهای تزیینی در این مجموعۀ سفالی، بیشتر تکرار شده است. در نتیجه این مطالعه، طیف گسترده‌ای از لعاب‌ها و تکنیک‌های تزیینی و فرم‌های سفالی شناسایی شد که در متن مقاله به آن ها اشاره شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Pottery production in the second half of the 13th century AH in Tehran examining, Introducing and classifying the pottery obtained from the restoration and renovation operations of the Ettehadieh historical complex

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Nemati Abkenar 1
  • Mohammad Gholamnejad 2
1 Ph.D., Faculty of Humanities, Department of Archeology, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
2 M.A, Faculty of Art, Department of Restoration and Preservation, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. (Graduated Student)
چکیده [English]

Pottery of the Qajar era, unlike the architecture and tile work of this era, has been less studied by archaeologists and researchers of the art history of the Qajar era, and our information about pottery of the Qajar era is very limited compared to other periods of Islamic art history. Although some travelogues of this era refer to some pottery production centers in Iran, there is still no comprehensive information on pottery techniques and innovations in this era, as well as the main production and distribution centers of pottery in Iran during the Qajar era. During the renovation and restoration of the historical Ettehadieh complex in Tehran’s Lalehzar neighborhood, which was carried out in 2006 , a large volume of pottery from the middle of the Qajar era, especially the Naseri era (1264-1313 AH), was found and examined and classified in this research. Based on the data obtained, this research aims to answer what were the decorative features and pottery forms of pottery produced in Tehran in the second half of the Qajar era, and which group of pottery species and decorative patterns were repeated more in this pottery collection. As a result of this study, a wide range of glazes, decorative techniques, and pottery forms were identified, which are mentioned in the text of the article.
Pottery of the Qajar era, unlike the architecture and tile work of this era, has been less studied by archaeologists and researchers of the art history of the Qajar era, and our information about pottery of the Qajar era is very limited compared to other periods of Islamic art history. Although some travelogues of this era refer to some pottery production centers in Iran, there is still no comprehensive information on pottery techniques and innovations in this era, as well as the main production and distribution centers of pottery in Iran during the Qajar era. During the renovation and restoration of the historical Ettehadieh complex in Tehran’s Lalehzar neighborhood, which was carried out in 2006 , a large volume of pottery from the middle of the Qajar era, especially the Naseri era (1264-1313 AH), was found and examined and classified in this research. Based on the data obtained, this research aims to answer what were the decorative features and pottery forms of pottery produced in Tehran in the second half of the Qajar era, and which group of pottery species and decorative patterns were repeated more in this pottery collection. As a result of this study, a wide range of glazes, decorative techniques, and pottery forms were identified, which are mentioned in the text of the article.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Pottery
  • Qajar era
  • Ettehadieh historical Mansion
  • pottery typology